Sunday, June 26, 2011

Assailing the Tender Age: A Real Love for Big Cheats


Well Doctor--all my loving poems
write themselves to you.
If I could channel love,
by gum, it’s what I’d do.

And never pen another
foolish freudian line
that bleeds across the page
in half assed metered rhyme.

If all this bother and devotion
is not, in truth, for you--
(since you’re the expert on emotion)
tell me Doctor--who?
--Anne Sexton, “Real Love in an Imaginary Wagon”

On the morning of 4 October 1974, Anne Sexton (left) already had, at the age of forty-five, a lot of things that many people would envy. She had a lifetime of accomplishments: among other things a lecturer position at Boston University and a visiting professorship at Colgate--which is quite a coup for a former fashion model who never graduated from college herself. She had numerous accolades, among them a fellowship from the Royal Society of Literature, and a Phi Beta Kappa key. Her 1967 Pulitzer Prize for a collection of poems titled Live or Die brought with it fame and prestige. She had a new book coming out in 1975. And she had friends and family, including two grown daughters. She even had her own rock band (Her Kind).

So there is some poignancy to Sexton’s actions on that day. After a lunch meeting with Maxine Kumin to go over some galley proofs of her upcoming book The Awful Rowing Toward God, the woman with so much to live for went home, locked herself in her garage, started her car, and sipped vodka while she patiently waited for the carbon monoxide to chase away the breathable air.

Although stunned, those who knew Sexton could see her suicide coming for years. She had a history of suicide attempts and bipolar disorder. She and her pal, Sylvia Plath, openly shared a fascination with death, especially their own. Her mortal obsession manifest itself early, during her teenage years, where she would, as a prank, fake her demise. A former boyfriend, Jack McCarthy, recalled for biographer Diane Middlebrook an incident when he came to a snow covered hill to meet her for a moonlight sledding date. He arrived late to find Sexton crumpled motionless at the bottom of the hill covered in what looked like blood. As it turned out, the blood was Mercurochrome. They were fifteen at the time.

Sexton had other problems, as well. Family life seemed to overwhelm her. Her in-laws in large part raised her children, for she was often unable to care for them. And despite her love for and seeming dependence on her husband, she felt compelled to sleep around with other people. As she once explained:
I don’t really want to have an affair with anyone, but I have to; it’s the quality of action. I first had this feeling, I suppose, when I was dating, after Kayo [Alfred Sexton, her husband] went into the service. Pound, pound, pound heart: makes me feel crazy, out of control.
By now, you’re probably thinking that the woman really needed psychiatric help. Truth was, Sexton had seen a parade of shrinks for over two decades. In a way, psychiatry had become her life. That’s kinda ironic, actually, for she saw psychoanalysis as out-and-out quackery. She derisively called it “the big cheat.”

One has to wonder what she saw in psychiatry given her low opinion of the profession. That opinion had to have intensified when one of her shrinks, referred to by Middlebrook by the pseudonym Dr. Zweitung, bedded her.*

One of her early shrinks--in fact, the one who treated her for the longest contiguous period of time (eight years)--would later answer that psychoanalysis gave her the most important thing she ever had: her gift for poetry.

__________________

*Translating the name from German, Dr. Middlebrook’s really calling him Dr. Two-Tongue, or Dr. Forked-Tongue. The New York Times identified him as Dr. Frederick Duhl.

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23 Comments:

  • At 3:16 PM, Blogger Charles Gramlich said…

    One thing we can be sure of is that Psychoanalysis did NOT give her her gift of poetry. It might have provided raw material, of course.

     
  • At 4:00 PM, Blogger X. Dell said…

    Charles, perhaps I'm overstating the claims of her psychoanalyst, but I don't think so. If I am, it's not by much. Interestingly, one of her most read biographers constantly reiterates this idea.

    Obviously, Sexton's poetry was of her own making. And I would agree that a psychiatrist couldn't give her a talent that she already possessed. Still, the link between the psychiatrist and the poet is the one I wish to explore. Whether his claims or beliefs are true would be besides the point. The point would be what role he is publically claiming in the development of this particular patient.

     
  • At 6:40 AM, Blogger dr.alistair said…

    in psychoanalysis there is a hope that the patient will release their childhood angst toward what they can begin to see in the therapist as a benign parent. once this trust has been established the client can dare to teveal what is treally going on.

    the danger is that this process, known as transference, gets muddled up via crossed transactions, into dependences of feelings...some of which become sexual.

    if the transference happens quickly, the therapist cannot hope to do meaningful work, as the relationship then becomes dependent.

    we se clients immediately blurting, crying and otherwise strongly emoting to give the therapist "what they want" and this can be and early clue to the real need of the client.

    the woman in question here desperately needed her sexual viablitiy validated as often as possible, so much so that it interfered in her marriage.

    she also thrilled in seeing herself dead through the eyes of others. liking to be "found" dead by her friend.

    a classic narsisstic psychopath.

     
  • At 7:46 AM, Blogger foam said…

    With a good deal of cynicism she does give her doctor credit here. Perhaps she is giving him credit though because he's implying he ought to have credit.
    I'm not very familiar with Sexton. It will be interesting to read about her.

     
  • At 7:46 PM, Blogger Susan said…

    Oh boy--new series and it is about a poet that I have TAUGHT! Oh wow!

    I'm going to sleep, so I won't read the post, but I agree with Charles. If this is based on the Middlebrook (?) book, she did a lot of editorializing. She had a gift that she had never accessed until she began suffering from depression--it flourished after her parents died. Some of the best American poetry was written by Anne Sexton--other people want the credit for what was hers. She was a student of Robert Lowell, no slouch himself, and he wouldn't have bothered with her if she wasn't good. Damn shrinks!

     
  • At 7:48 PM, Blogger Susan said…

    Oh, I'm sorry, Dr. Alistair--a poor attempt at humor-- I just know something about this biographer, so I hope I didn't offend you.
    Anne Sexton is not an admirable person by any means, and most of us would tire of her clingy company quickly, but she had a great gift.

     
  • At 3:55 AM, Blogger SJ said…

    "DropHag" is the word ver :)
    Not a very nice thing to say about a poet (or certain fellow bloggers) is it?

     
  • At 7:07 AM, Blogger dr.alistair said…

    susan, my client base is mostly by people of this temprament, and i hold a dim view of those who persist in projecting their own internal stuff once they acknowledge the turmoil is within.

    i am not a freudian analyst and so don`t hold to the idea that all of the insights have to come from the client, in fact i think that that strategy is designed to lock the client and therapist in a long term relationship.

    having said that, the artistic temprament is driven by that self-same innner turmoil projected out onto canvas, paper, acoustic space,physical media, etc...or onto other people, as long as they can cope.

    some of the greatest artists are, after all, tortured souls seeking transcendence...

    having said that, most of my clients aren`t artistic enough to do anything creative with their issues, and so their urges are mainly destructive, angry and resentful if acted upon.

    and i wasn`t offended in the least by your comments.

    and my apologies for the long posts x., but you insist on posting interesting material.....

     
  • At 7:31 AM, Blogger Shrinky said…

    Genius can often be murder to live with, and not only for the person it gifts. A beautifully written tribute, my friend, I found this a moving read.

    My mother also took her own life.

     
  • At 8:29 AM, Blogger Susan said…

    Dr. Alistair--thank you.

    Okay, I just read the post. I'm familiar with the book--I'll dig out my copy if you make this into a series.

    These days we would probably call Sexton a love addict. She would often fall in love with her various lovers, so it wasn't always about sex. And a lot of her ex-lovers took their own lives--let's see if I can find the book so I can list them.

    I remember that Middlebrook felt that Anne's divorce from her husband was the tipping point for her. His life certainly got better, and he stayed with her despite the lies and affairs. She chose to divorce him and it wrecked her sense of stability. She always had Kayo to fall back on, and yes, her narcissism was such that she didn't seem to understand how she was hurting him and her children.

    Her later poetry wasn't as good, and it certainly wasn't as popular. She had some great ideas--the fairy tale poems, the religious poems (again, I have to consult my books to remember the names as she often worked in series so that she could publish the poetry as books.) She got some poor reviews and a lot of her Boston U cowworkers resented her lack of education as they had worked hard on getting Ph.Ds--academic snobbery was something she really didn't anticipate.

    Okay, I'll stop as this is your blog and your idea. But I'll add this: despite her flaws as a human being, she wrote some excellent poetry and she was a good instructor. Maybe she liked the focus on herself--of course that is always the rub with artists--so many choose their art over trying to be decent human beings.

     
  • At 8:58 AM, Blogger X. Dell said…

    SJ, that would go for both male and female bloggers.

    Shrinky, bing close to a suicide has got to be one of the worst things I can think of. From what I understood of your mom, genius would indeed have been something difficult to live with in her circumstances.

    Foam, you're right. She, in fact, did give this particular doctor a lot of credit, and for a lot of things. This wasn't the only poem she wrote about him, and some show an even deeper intimacy.

    Susan, Alistair, interesting discussion. I don't kmnow where to jump in, as I almost feel as though I were intruding:-0

    Alistair, I'm going to assume, unless you tell me otherwise, that you haven't read the Middlebrook bio. Nevertheless, you've anticipated a lot of that writer's view of the subject, from the biographer's casting of this psychiatrist as a "responsible" father figure, to the projection of inner turmoil onto canvas, or in Sexton's case onto paper. Her doctor did take quite a bit of credit for directing that turmoil into poetry in the biography itself (he wrote the foreword, and is quoted extensively throughout).

    I think my assessment of her would probably be closer to that of Susan's. I've known women like this, and I've known women who were classic psychopaths (all the symptoms alive and kicking). With all due respect to your expertise, I see a huge difference. Still, I can see something unempathetic in her death pranks, and you are the expert, not me. As we get more into the dynamic of her therapy, I would love to hear more of your thoughts on both her and her psychiatrist.

    Susan, you've sorta jumped ahead of me a little bit, but since you've said it (and you're actually familiar with Middlebrook's bio), I'll be adding some of the dope about that bio in a couple of posts. A lot of people have forgotten how controversial the book was at that time (1991). Middlebrook wasn't the only one editorializing in that book, either, and that's what triggers my spidersense here--after all, this isn't a literary blog, it's a conspiracy one:-)

     
  • At 9:00 AM, Blogger X. Dell said…

    I would add, Susan, that the shrink also pointed to another event in 1973 as a cause of her downfall: on the insistence of a new psychiatrist, Sexton fired him.

     
  • At 10:52 AM, Blogger Susan said…

    I did forget that--the last time I looked at the book was the last time I taught Sexton and that was 2004. I'm sorry if I said too much as I don't want to ruin your series. Yes, I remember the talk when the book came out. Of course it made me want to read it and as literary biographies go, it is very fluid and readable. (Try reading a biography of N. Hawthorne or P. Shelley--tedium!)

    Since my background is comparative literature, I cannot help but be drawn to that aspect. In all sincerity, I never considered any conspiracy theories, so I wait with bated breath!

    Shrinky: I am so sorry to read about your mom. My father tried to take his life when I was 12 and he came damn close--he took over a hundred pills. It was a horrifying, confusing experience. I'm so sorry.

     
  • At 12:57 PM, Blogger dr.alistair said…

    i havent`t read the book x., and the "responsible father figure" i refer to is a transactional role known as the benign parent, which is designed to allow a mistrusting "not-ok child" to emerge and be frank about his or her issues with his parents growing up. this can be a powerful therapeutic tool when working with a person genuinely looking to integrate their childhood into a functional adult person in the present.

    the narsissist/psychopath will take this learning to build better cons.

    incedentally, there are a few short videos of sexton on youtube that are extremely interesting.

     
  • At 3:39 PM, Blogger Susan said…

    Dr. A--even though I never considered A. Sexton to be psychopathic (albiet psychotic, yes, particularly when she acted out), I find your theory fascinating. I work with a human being (not sure) that fits your description to a t. I recently said that this individual doesn't have friends, but allies. I like your word, cons, much better as it is all about selling the persona to the susceptible.

     
  • At 5:00 AM, Blogger dr.alistair said…

    as i understand the terms, psychopath (the inability to form human bonds) is different from psychotic (lacking in reality sorting, suffering hallucinations, delusions, etc.) in that the psychopath can function in society well, giving the impression that they are the same as you and i, whereas the psychotic can only do that for short periods before the mask slips off.

    it is estimated that in modern urban society the percentage of psychopaths make up 1-3% of the population, and make ideal upper managers, financial services types, realtors....and so on, having little care for the feelings and situations of others.

    the term psychopath has been re-badged recently as anti-social personality disorder. i`m not entirely sure why the DSM types shuffle names about so much but they have recently dropped asperger`s entirely, which puzzles me.

    the question remains though, when sexton "acted out" was there a precision to it, or was the episode delusional and destructive?

    my impression, from the videos was, that this woman held herself in high regard and looked down on everything with an almost aristocratic arrogance...and while this may have been a discomfort on her part due to the camera being there, i got a sense she really revelled in the "performance".

     
  • At 6:59 AM, Blogger Susan said…

    Dr. A: I've never watched her perform--I think she was in a rock band in the 60s. You have a trained eye, so you may see things I don't. From her writings and her biographers (her daughter also wrote a book), I sensed that she moved in and out of psychotic episodes in which she was dysfuntional. I hestitate to use the word "manic" as there are too bipolar labeling, but when she would go to conferences, she would cheat and try to kill herself. Actually she did that all the time.

    Pertaining to the individual I mentioned, one of my co-workers called said person a psychopath. I ignored the term as it is bandied about all too often. However, reading what you wrote makes me think my friend is correct.

     
  • At 10:47 AM, Blogger X. Dell said…

    Well, in a dialogue like this, I have a hard time knowing where to jump in.

    Susan, there are quite a few clips of Sexton on the web reciting poems and hanging around her house.

    Susan and Alistair, one of the criticism around the world of DSM IV is that it fails to take into account cultural and sociological factors that could shed light into the ideation of the individual. In the US we don't technically have aristocracy, but we have old money families that function similarly. That's the class that Sexton hails from. So if she seems "almost aristocratic" (and she comes across that way to me), I would see that as a sociological trait rather than an individual one.

    Also, many who knew her would point out to many of the positive qualities that she had (e.g., hypersensitivity to others, which was also pointed out by her main psychiatrist, generosity--not just with money but of time). I'm not saying that a psychopath couldn't have positive qualities, it's that they usually don't have those particular ones. Her self absorption I would tend to see as characteristic of a neurotic detatched personality with aggressive, perhaps even sadistic tendencies (sadistic in terms of a compulsion to frustrate others).

    She'd also probably be the first to agree that she isn't a nice person (see the poem "Her Kind"). And she would be a very trying person to get along with.

    I've been reading more research along the lines of psycopathy, and the possibility that sociological factors might play a role in determining it fascinates me. As I'm sure you know, Doc, the percentage of psychopathy diagnoses to the general population differ around the world (of course that could be because not everyone uses DSM--still something to consider).

    Also, Susan, as Alistair notes, psychopaths are usually drawn to certain occupations. Wall Street types and sales people are way overrepresented, while academics are slightly overrepresented. Curiously, only 10-15% of the prison population (depending on the study).

    Something else: many US institutions (e.g., courts, prisons) use the PCL-R as a test to measure psycopathy. It's heavily weighted on childhood experiences and feelings that cannot change. So the impression is that psycopathy is a permanent condition, when there is annecdotal evidence to suggest otherwise.

     
  • At 6:16 AM, Blogger dr.alistair said…

    some of my clients exhibit psychopthic behaviour and act out to varying degrees...mostly in the corporate setting in conflict with co-workers (i affectinately call thess places the meat-grinder.)

    the psychiatric response to their issues has always been medication. prozac, selexa, paxil and now the latest pharmacutical darling, welbutrin...no matter what the dsm pigeon-hole.


    analytic psychotherapy is too expensive for most insurers these days and in terms of time, effort and money, too expensive for most clients and employers...so most likely sexton would have been medicated as first treatment, which would in all likelyhood have dulled her muse.

    i have taken on a new client recently. a compulsive (in dsm terms adhd.) with post-traumatic ideation and anxiety approaching panic. his doctor wants him medicated immediately and so does his wife, but his parents are dead against it.

    his father is an eminent jazz musician with a gifted son , who struggles to deal with his own talents...the boy doesn`t want to outshine.

    but here`s the thing; modern psychiatry is about helping the client return to productivity...going back to work, no matter the internal conflicts; whereas psychotherapy as an art is about integrating the person so that they can be well...and work.

    so, my new client`s doctor and wife want him medicated so that he can be more productive, and he and his parents want him to find other means.

     
  • At 8:02 PM, Blogger Ray said…

    "Assailing the Tender Age"

    You've used the same phrase/title for other posts pertaining to McMartin school case and CoG/FoL. Maybe I'm trying to connect dots when I shouldn't but does this title indicate a series within a series or a sub-series? Or do you use it as needed?

    After all, after reading about so many conspiracy theories, I end up looking for a pattern. [G]

     
  • At 1:10 AM, Blogger X. Dell said…

    Interesting, Alistair. I'm wondering if things might have changed from the late-1950s when Sexton first went into treatment. Since she went to a psychiatric hospital, I would guess it probable that they did drug her with something, initially. But her shrink, who wrote the foreword of the biography, doesn't mention this. In fact, the only thing I recall him saying that he gave her was sodium pentathol.

    You read that right.

    Ray, I'm writing a number of series within an overall series. The title "Assailing the Tender Age" covers the larger series, while other entries concentrate on various topics within the series. It's kind of an outline form.

     
  • At 1:28 PM, Blogger dr.alistair said…

    sexton would have undoubtedly seen different protocols and methods and certainly different methods from different doctors over time.

    and sodium pentathol. hmm. like killing budgies with a howitzer, but effective in brutishly extracting "truths" if one must.

     
  • At 6:40 PM, Blogger X. Dell said…

    Yeah, Alistair, I'm going to go into the pentathol. I did think it strange. And there's some confusion not cleared up by Middlebrook as to who first brought up its potential use: she or Dr. Orne, who was her main shrink, and who coordinated her care until 1973, when another psychiatrist shooed him away.

     

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